my iGENEA test

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  • Phoenix
    Senior Member
    • Dec 2008
    • 4671

    Originally posted by Bill77 View Post


    I wanted to come back one day and have something positive to say. It's so hard these days to find anything positive about Macedonia. Somehow i wished my DNA told me i was a Mongol or something else not so embarrassing like Southern European/Macedonian
    The fight is never really over Billy, it's just another round...good to hear from you buddy, hope you visit us a little bit more often.

    Comment

    • Carlin
      Senior Member
      • Dec 2011
      • 3332

      Haplogroup J2, Thracians, Illyrians, Phrygians, Vlachs and others

      URL:
      Haplogroup J2 and Thracians. "Cruciani et al.’s E-V13 and J2-M12 coalescence times bear a striking similarity to carbon-14-based date calculations for certain archaeological sites in the Maritsa river valley and its tributaries, near the city of Nova Zagora, Bulgaria (Nilolova, 2002). These...


      1) "Cruciani et al.’s E-V13 and J2-M12 coalescence times bear a striking similarity to carbon-14-based date calculations for certain archaeological sites in the Maritsa river valley and its tributaries, near the city of Nova Zagora, Bulgaria (Nilolova, 2002). These sites are associated directly with the proto-Thracian culture of the southern Balkans that came to dominate the region during the first millennium BCE. Sites surveyed included Ezero, Yunatsite, Dubene-Sarovka and Plovdiv-Nebet Tepe, all of which had deep associations with the developing EBA proto-Thracian culture of the region."

      Haplogroup E3b1a2 as a Possible Indicator of Settlement in Roman Britain by Soldiers of Balkan Origin:


      "The invasion of Britain by the Roman military in CE 43, and the subsequent occupation of Britain for nearly four centuries, brought thousands of soldiers from the Balkan peninsula to Britain as part of auxiliary units and as regular legionnaires. The presence of Haplogroup E3b1a-M78 among the male populations of present-day Wales, England and Scotland, and its nearly complete absence among the modern male population of Ireland, provide a potential genetic indicator of settlement during the 1st through 4th Centuries CE by Roman soldiers from the Balkan peninsula and their male Romano-British descendants. Haplotype data from several major genetic surveys of Britain and Ireland are examined, analyzed and correlated with historical, epigraphic and archaeological information, with the goal of identifying any significant phylogeographic associations between E3b1a-M78 and those known Romano-British settlements and military posts that were associated specifically with Roman soldiers of Balkan origin. Studies by Cruciani et al. (2007), Perečić et al. (2005), and Marjanovic et al. (2005), examining the distribution of E3b1a-M78 and E3b1a2-V13 in the Balkans, are analyzed further to provide evidence of phylogeographic associations between the E3b1a2 haplotypes identified within the Balkans by these studies and those regions of the Balkans occupied first by the Roman army in antiquity. E3b1a2 is found to be at its highest frequency worldwide in the geographic region corresponding closely to the ancient Roman province of Moesia Superior, a region that today encompasses Kosovo, southern Serbia, northern Macedonia and extreme northwestern Bulgaria. The Balkan studies also provide evidence to support the use of E3b1a-M78 (in the present study) as a close proxy for the presence of E3b1a2-V13 (representing 85% of the parent E3b1a-M78 clade) in both the Balkans and in Britain."

      2) "Research conducted by the administrators of the Border Reivers DNA Project has identified numerous haplotypes in persons of British descent that show Haplotype 35 markers. Moreover, most of these haplotypes appear to originate from areas of Britain near the Antonine Wall, Hadrian's Wall and other places of Roman fortification or settlement. These areas include Galloway, Dumfries, Ayrshire and The Borders in Scotland, and Cumbria, Yorkshire, Lancashire, Shropshire and Staffordshire in England. Many of the Roman troops stationed in these areas came from Southeastern Europe or Western Asia. They included Sarmatians, Dacians, Goths, Syrians, Mesopotamians, Thracians and Anatolians."

      Elliot (And border receivers) DNA Project (Haplogroup J2) - Haplogroup R1b (Haplotype 35).
      Last edited by Carlin; 03-31-2019, 10:58 PM.

      Comment

      • Carlin
        Senior Member
        • Dec 2011
        • 3332

        Eurogenes Hunter_Gatherer vs. Farmer Admixture Proportions




        puntDNAL K10 Ancient Admixture Proportions



        ENF - Early Neolithic Farmer
        CHG - Caucasus Hunter Gatherers
        WHG - Western Hunter-Gatherer



        URL - Finally! A Gedmatch Admixture Guide!:
        Blogging about genealogy, family history, family trees, and all other things ancestry!


        URL - Upper Palaeolithic genomes reveal deep roots of modern Eurasians:
        Last edited by Carlin; 04-09-2019, 12:46 AM.

        Comment

        • Carlin
          Senior Member
          • Dec 2011
          • 3332

          How DNA ancestry testing can change our ideas of who we are

          URL:
          Estimating our ancestry is hard – because our backgrounds are much more mixed up than we thought. So don’t take your DNA ancestry test results literally: they’re just a prediction.


          Have you ever wondered who you are or where you come from?

          I think it’s a fundamental human desire to want to know this.

          One way we’re seeing this curiosity play out is in the rise of the at-home DNA ancestry business. You’ve probably seen the ads for tests like 23andme and Ancestry DNA: you spit in a tube, and then receive a report breaking you down into neat little slices in a pie chart telling you that you’re, say, 30% German and 70% English. As a population geneticist, I find this fascinating.

          But how does our collective interest in ancestry testing interact with our ideas and conversations about race?

          ‘No borders within us’

          Earlier this year, a Mexican airline, Aeromexico, ran a tongue-in-cheek ad campaign, called “DNA Discounts” with the slogan “there are no borders within us”. For the ad campaign they gathered a group of North Americans who were willing to take a DNA test and get their results on camera. This group contained some members with, let’s just say, a somewhat negative view of Mexico.

          In the ad, the airline offered rewards to these people based on their DNA results, in the form of a discounted airline ticket to Mexico. The size of the discount depended on the amount of Mexican ancestry. If their test showed 15% Mexican ancestry, that meant a 15% discount.

          The footage of people getting their results on camera is pretty funny, and some of them seemed somewhat surprised, and maybe even upset about their reported ancestry. More than half of those tested appeared to have Mexican ancestry, even though they weren’t aware of it.

          The slogan “there are no borders within us” has an element of political commentary related to Donald Trump’s border wall. But the ad also teaches us two important things.

          It shows how DNA testing can challenge not just our ideas of race and identity, but our notion of being. Your genetic ancestry might be completely different from your cultural identity. Just ask the folks in the ad.

          Beyond this, it also highlights how mainstream this kind of science has become, and how much DNA ancestry testing has entered into pop culture.

          Recent, dark past

          I think we humans have always been interested in our ancestry, but it hasn’t always been a healthy interest – sometimes it’s been much darker and more sinister. And we don’t even have to look too far into the past to see that.

          The eugenics movement was part science and part social engineering, and based on the idea that certain things – such as being poor, lazy, “feeble-minded” or criminal – were actually traits that were inherited in families. These traits were often linked to certain ancestries or racial groups using biased methodology.

          Eugenics was the idea that humanity could engineer a better future for itself by identifying and regulating these groups using science and technology.

          In the United States in the early 20th century, eugenics became a recognised academic discipline at many prestigious universities – even Harvard. By 1928, almost 400 colleges and universities in America were teaching it.

          In 1910 the Eugenics Record Office was set up to collect ancestry data, literally door to door. It then used this data to support racist agendas and influence things like the 1924 Immigration Act to curb immigration of southeastern Europeans, and ban most Asians and Arabs altogether.

          Although we may think of eugenics as something linked with Nazi Germany in World War II, Hitler based some of his early ideas about eugenics on these academic programs in the US. There was a fear of “pollution” of the purebred genetic lineage, and that the “inferior” races would contaminate the “superior” race. Many Nazi defendants at the Nuremberg trials claimed there wasn’t much difference between the Nazi eugenics program and the ones in the US.

          Racism with flawed science

          The events of that time are still relevant now. More than seven decades have passed and we’re seeing the rise of far-right groups and ideologies – the world of Trump, and the return of restrictive immigration policies.

          We’re seeing a mainstreaming of ideas about race that we rejected not long ago. We’re once again seeing the science of genetics being misappropriated to support racist agendas.

          Late last year, the New York Times reported on a trend among white supremacists to drink milk. Most people of northern European ancestry have a version of a certain gene, called a lactase gene, that means they can fully digest milk as adults. This is due to a genetic mutation several thousand years ago, around the time of the first cattle herders in Europe.

          The article described how people from the far right have taken this scientific result and run with it – producing bizarre YouTube videos in which people chug milk from 2-litre containers, swigging it and throwing it around in celebration of their supposed “genetic superiority” – and urging people who cannot digest milk to “go back”. Comedian Stephen Colbert even picked up on this story (in his words: “lactose is their only form of tolerance”).

          The white supremacists took this bit of science and twisted it to suit their needs. But what they have ignored is research showing that a similar version of this gene evolved among cattle breeders in East Africa too.

          DNA does not define culture

          It’s not just popular culture: DNA ancestry has also entered political culture.

          The right-wing Australian nationalist One Nation recently called for DNA ancestry tests as a requirement to prove Aboriginal identity to access “benefits”. I don’t want to give this dangerous idea any more oxygen, and as a geneticist I can tell you it won’t work.

          Cultural identity is much more than simply what is in our DNA. Aboriginal communities are the ones who determine who is and who is not Indigenous. I think this episode highlights a worrying trend for genetic tests to be seen as the ultimate decider of race and identity in public debates.

          So how does the marketing of the DNA companies themselves influence our thinking about ancestry?

          These ancestry companies use the language of science in their marketing, and present their results as being highly scientific – which people interpret as meaning accurate and factual. The process of estimating ancestry from DNA is scientific, but people may not realise it can also be a bit of a blurry process, and actually more of an estimate.

          When you look at your slice in the pie chart and it says 16% German, it is not a fact that you are 16% German. It’s an estimate, or an educated guess, of your ancestry based on statistical inference.

          I think representation of our ancestries in pie charts is not helping our conversations.

          Twins got different results

          Recently, two identical twins put five DNA ancestry companies to the test, and this provides a really interesting look at how this process works.

          The raw data for each twin was more than 99% identical, which shows that the way the companies produce the raw data is indeed quite accurate.

          The shocking thing was that the companies provided each twin with noticeably different ancestry estimates.

          From one company, the first twin got 25% Eastern European, and the second got 28%. Just to be clear, this shouldn’t happen with identical twins because they have the same DNA.

          Even more surprising, one company said the twins were 27-29% Italian, but another said they were 19-20% Greek. A lot of this difference would be based on the size of the databases that the companies use as references and who is in the databases, and – very importantly – who has been left out of the databases. These factors would be different between the different companies, and change through time.

          So the results you get now could be different to the results you might get in, say, six months when the databases are updated.

          Estimating our ancestry is hard, and the main reason it is hard is because our ancestry is much more mixed up than some people might have thought. It’s not really so clear-cut as a pie chart might suggest. The statistics are blurry because our populations are blurry.

          The bigger picture that’s emerging from DNA ancestry testing is that we’ve underestimated the extent of mixing between ancestral groups throughout human history.

          Looking at the pie chart might give you the impression that there are discrete borders within you and boundaries between your different ancestries, but as Aeromexico so eloquently put it, “there are no borders within us”.

          Comment

          • Carlin
            Senior Member
            • Dec 2011
            • 3332

            MyHeritage DNA Reveal With Tamara Todevska

            URL/Video:
            Stay tuned for more great coverage of the #EurovisionSongContest straight from www.myheritage.com/eurovision/live!-------------------------------------------...

            Comment

            • Gocka
              Senior Member
              • Dec 2012
              • 2306

              Originally posted by Carlin15 View Post
              MyHeritage DNA Reveal With Tamara Todevska

              URL/Video:
              https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gz68cLYOowM
              I refuse to watch, can someone summarize?

              Comment

              • Carlin
                Senior Member
                • Dec 2011
                • 3332


                Comment

                • Phoenix
                  Senior Member
                  • Dec 2008
                  • 4671

                  Originally posted by Carlin15 View Post

                  They could have summarised the result as 100% sellout.

                  Comment

                  • kureski
                    Junior Member
                    • May 2019
                    • 1

                    What's up kurinja? It's been a while (nearly a decade). I can't remember the credentials to my old account, so I created a new one. Anyway, since taking that DNA test with iGENEA, I've had one done with 23andme. Below are the result.











                    Comment

                    • Carlin
                      Senior Member
                      • Dec 2011
                      • 3332

                      Remote Turkish village where people walk on all fours | 60 Minutes Australia

                      URL:
                      They're living, breathing men and women, but they walk on all fours, just as we did four million years ago. And until this film was shot, they were hidden aw...


                      Published on Oct 2, 2018

                      They're living, breathing men and women, but they walk on all fours, just as we did four million years ago. And until this film was shot, they were hidden away, unseen by the outside world.

                      Last edited by Carlin; 07-10-2019, 09:53 PM.

                      Comment

                      • maco2envy
                        Member
                        • Jan 2015
                        • 288

                        @Kureski- from your post it seems 23andme has better functionality than ancestryDNA, especially the region specific matches. Although, I think Balkans sample sizes may still be very small

                        Comment

                        • Selanec
                          Junior Member
                          • Jun 2019
                          • 30

                          I saw an article that talks about a 23andMe competitor that apparently does a "whole genome sequence" claiming ancestry companies like 23andMe analyze only 1% of the genome.

                          $600 USD is a bit expensive for me at the moment though, and I think the company doesn't have ancestry features, but with your entire genome you would in theory be able to use software or other companies to screen your DNA with others to compare how similar you are between each other.



                          -Veritas is lowering the cost of a full genome sequence from $999 to $599 and believes within two years it will be pricing in the $100–$200 range.

                          -The personal genetics company co-founded by Harvard scientist George Church thinks the price cuts will lead millions of consumers to seek their full DNA profile.

                          -Cheaper heritage and health tests from AncestryDNA and 23andMe from $99 to $199 have been purchased by millions, but a top Veritas executive said that is “like comparing a tricycle with a sports car.”

                          Comment

                          • maco2envy
                            Member
                            • Jan 2015
                            • 288

                            $600 USD is a ripoff especially since whole genome sequencing has become dirt cheap over time in comparison to what it was 50 years ago. Really it is that 1% (even less than that) of the genome that really distinguishes us, everything else is basically shared between humans or is thought to be useless (rapidly changing, etc)

                            Comment

                            • maco2envy
                              Member
                              • Jan 2015
                              • 288

                              AncestryDNA updated:

                              Last edited by maco2envy; 11-01-2019, 04:08 AM.

                              Comment

                              • Carlin
                                Senior Member
                                • Dec 2011
                                • 3332

                                Originally posted by maco2envy View Post
                                AncestryDNA updated:

                                IMHO, their ethnicity estimates continue to be rather "incomplete" as far as the Balkans go. Probably way more samples/data are required, and compared to other regions something seems to be missing. Let's take a look at Italy, as one example. Italy itself is broken down as follows (whereas we have simply: Greece & the Balkans --> Greece, Turkey & Albania):

                                - Northern Italy
                                - Sicily
                                - Southern Italy:
                                + Calabria
                                + Campania
                                + Campania & Basilicata
                                + Campania & Molise
                                + Lazio & Campania
                                + Puglia
                                + Salerno
                                + Umbria, Abruzzo & Lazio

                                - Sardinia

                                URL:


                                (On the other hand, if complete, this would imply that genetically/'ethnically' the entirety of the Balkans is more or less the same.)
                                Last edited by Carlin; 11-01-2019, 07:26 PM.

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